Asbestos refers to a group of minerals with long, thin fibrous crystals. The word itself is derived from a Greek adjective that means "inextinguishable". The Greek supposed asbestos to be the "miracle mineral" because of its pliant and soft properties, but at most for its ability to withstand heat.
Due to its resistance to heat, chemical damage and electricity, its tensile strength and sound absorption, this mineral became increasingly popular among manufacturers and builders in the late 19th century. When used for fire- or heat-resistance, asbestos fibers are often mixed with cement or woven into mats or fabric. Asbestos is also used in brake shoes and gaskets for its heat resistance. In the past, the mineral was used on electric oven and hotplate wiring fir its electrical insulation at elevated temperature. Ti was also used in buildings for its flame-retardant and insulating properties, flexibility, strength, and resistance to chemicals.
Today, this "miracle material" is known to be (unfortunately) highly toxic. For example, the inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause serious illnesses, asbestosis and mesothelioma included. Many uses of asbestos have been banned in many countries since the mid 1980s.
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